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KMID : 0191120230380160129
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2023 Volume.38 No. 16 p.129 ~ p.129
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Anti-Alpha-Toxin Antibody Responses and Clinical Outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
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Kim Nak-Hyun
Choi Yun-Jung
Kwon Kyung-Mi
Park Jeong-Su
Park Kyoung-Un
Moon Song-Mi
Song Kyoung-Ho
Kim Eu-Suk
Park Wan-Beom
Kim Hong-Bin
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Abstract
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Background : Alpha-toxin (AT), a major virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus, is an important immunotherapeutic target to prevent or treat invasive S. aureus infections. Previous studies have suggested that anti-AT antibodies (Abs) may have a protective role against S. aureus bacteremia (SAB), but their function remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between serum anti-AT Ab levels and clinical outcomes of SAB.
Methods : Patients from a prospective SAB cohort at a tertiary-care medical center (n = 51) were enrolled in the study from July 2016 to January 2019. Patients without symptoms or signs of infection were enrolled as controls (n = 100). Blood samples were collected before the onset of SAB and at 2- and 4-weeks post-bacteremia. Anti-AT immunoglobin G (IgG) levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All clinical S. aureus isolates were tested for the presence of hla using polymerase chain reaction.
Results : Anti-AT IgG levels in patients with SAB before the onset of bacteremia did not differ significantly from those in non-infectious controls. Pre-bacteremic anti-AT IgG levels tended to be lower in patients with worse clinical outcomes (7-day mortality, persistent bacteremia, metastatic infection, septic shock), although the differences were not statistically significant. Patients who needed intensive care unit care had significantly lower anti-AT IgG levels at 2 weeks post-bacteremia (P = 0.020).
Conclusion : The study findings suggest that lower anti-AT Ab responses before and during SAB, reflective of immune dysfunction, are associated with more severe clinical presentations of infection.
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KEYWORD
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Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteremia, Alpha-Toxin, Anti-Alpha-Toxin Antibody, Antibody Response
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